Fair Lending Research

Disparate Treatment in Loan Pricing

• Monitoring Loan Pricing for Fair Lending Compliance
  Richard R. Pace and Lawrence B. Norland
  Copyright © 2000, American Bankers Association. All Rights Reserved.
  
  
• APR Flawed For Fair Lending Analysis
  S. Longhofer
  Copyright © 2000, The Cato Institute. All Rights Reserved.
  
  
• Risk-Based Pricing: Are There Fair Lending Implications?
  Fannie Mae Foundation's Housing Facts & Findings
  
  
• Measuring Pricing Bias in Mortgages
  S. Longhofer
  
  
• Mortgage Brokers and Fair Lending
  S. Longhofer

Statistical Models of Lending Discrimination

• Searching for an Optimal Strategy for Identifying Files to Review for Fair Lending Exams
  J. Dietrich
  
  
• Searching for Age and Gender Discrimination in Mortgage Lending
  J. Dietrich and H. Johannsson
  
  
• Under-specified Models and Detection of Discrimination in Mortgage Lending
  J. Dietrich
  
  
• Lessons Learned: Statistical Techniques and Fair Lending
  - M. Courchane, D. Nebhut, and D. Nickerson
  Journal of Housing Research, Volume 11, Issue 2, 2001.
  
  
• The Effects of Choice-Based Sampling and Small-Sample Bias on Past Fair Lending Exams
  J. Dietrich
  
  
• Anatomy of a Fair Lending Exam: The Uses and Limitations of Statistics
  P. Calem and S. Longhofer
  
  
• Evaluating Statistical Models of Lending Discrimination: A Bank Specific Analysis
  M. Stengel and D. Glennon

General Fair Lending Research

• Higher-Priced Home Lending and the 2005 HMDA Data
  - R. Avery, K. Brevoort, and G. Canner
  
  
• New Information Reported under HMDA and Its Application in Fair Lending Enforcement
  - R. Avery and G. Canner
  
  
• Automated Underwriting in Mortgage Lending: Good News for the Underserved?
  - S. Gates, V. Perry, and P. Zorn
  Housing Policy Debate, Volume 13, Issue 2, 2002.
  
  
• Home Mortgage Lending By Applicant Race: Do HMDA Figures Provide a Distorted Picture?
  - P. Huck
  Housing Policy Debate, Volume 12, Issue 4, 2001.
  
  
• Missing Race Data in HMDA and the Implications for the Monitoring of Fair Lending Compliance
  J. Dietrich
  
  
• Predatory Lending: Where Do Things Stand?
  Paul A. Schott
  Copyright © 2001, Aspen Law and Business. All Rights Reserved.
  
  
• CRA Special Lending Programs
  R. Avery, R. Bostic, and G. Canner
  
  
• Federal Reserve's Report on the Performance and Profitability of CRA-Related Lending
  
  
• Have the Doors Opened Wider? Trends in Homeownership by Race and Income
  R. Bostic and B. Surette
  

• Making Fair Lending a Reality in the New Millennium
  Fannie Mae Foundation
  
  
• Fair Lending: Federal Oversight and Enforcement Improved But Some Challenges Remain
  August 1996 GAO Report
  
  
• Unequal Burden: Income and Racial Disparities in Subprime Lending in America
  U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
  
  
  • Accompanying Charts
  • Metropolitan Area Maps
    
    
• Unequal Burden in Atlanta: Income and Racial Disparities in Subprime Lending
  U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
  
  
• Counting By Color: How the Race of a Lender's Workforce Correlates with Mortgage Approval Rates for Applicants
  Fannie Mae
  
  
• The Role of Specialized Lenders in Extending Mortgages to Lower Income and Minority Homebuyers
  G. Canner, W. Passmore, and E. Laderman, Federal Reserve Bulletin, November 1999.
  
  
• Trends in Home Purchase Lending: Consolidation and the Community Reinvestment Act
  R. Avery, R. Bostic, P. Calem, and G. Canner, Federal Reserve Bulletin, February 1999.
  
  
• Federal Reserve Board: Merger Process Needs Guidelines for Community Reinvestment Issues
  September 1999 GAO Report.